An analysis of every standard residential sale registered with HM Land Registry since 2018, written in SQL on DuckDB. In 2025, the median London home sold for £530k, against £280k outside the capital.
Median sale price per year. London is still far more expensive, but its prices have been almost flat since 2022, while the rest of England and Wales kept rising. The gap is narrowing.
An open circle marks a year that is not complete yet.
Monthly sales across England and Wales. The stamp duty holiday pulled sales forward to June and September 2021, when the relief stepped down and then ended.
After the September 2022 mini-budget pushed mortgage rates up, activity fell and stayed lower. The data records the date a sale completed, so the drop appears a few months later, from early 2023.
The last spike, in March 2025, came just before stamp duty thresholds fell back on 1 April 2025.
Median price in 2025 and the change over five years. Kensington and Chelsea tops the table at £1.20m; Barking and Dagenham is the most affordable at £385k.
Sort the table to compare price levels with growth. The two rankings almost reverse.
Pick a borough to see its median price each year against London as a whole.
Medians move when a different mix of homes sells. A repeat-sales view avoids that: it finds homes that sold twice and measures the yearly return between the two sales.
The share of homes sold for less than their previous price is a useful sign of where the market has cooled.
How much more a new home costs than an existing home of the same type, in 2025. Comparing within each type avoids the effect of new builds being more often flats.
The premium is largest for flats. Part of it is quality: new flats are often larger and better equipped, and this data has no floor area to adjust for that.
The share of sales in each price band, by year. Even outside London, the share of homes selling for under £250,000 has been falling.